Home Biomarkers Vitamin D (25-Hydroxy)

Vitamin D (25-Hydroxy)

Vitamins Biomarker

Sample Needed

Collection Type: Blood

Body System

Related System: Vitamins

Overview

25‑Hydroxyvitamin D (25‑OH D) is the main circulating form of vitamin D and the best indicator of overall vitamin D status. The blood test measures total 25‑OH D (both D2 and D3) to assess adequacy of vitamin D stores used for calcium and phosphorus balance, bone mineralization, and multiple cellular functions. Tests are ordered when bone pain, muscle weakness, recurrent fractures, delayed growth, or risk factors for deficiency (limited sun exposure, darker skin, obesity, malabsorption, older age) are present. Levels vary by age, skin pigmentation, season/geography, pregnancy, body mass index, and certain medications or chronic diseases.

Test Preparation

  • No special preparation is required

Why Do I Need This Test

  • Profile: Included in vitamin/nutritional panels (Vitamins).
  • Symptoms: Bone pain, muscle weakness, frequent fractures, fatigue, delayed growth.
  • Conditions: Diagnoses/monitors vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency, osteomalacia, rickets, osteoporosis management, follow-up of supplementation.
  • Causes of abnormal levels: inadequate sun/supplement intake, malabsorption, liver/kidney disease, obesity, certain drugs; excess from over‑supplementation or granulomatous disease.
  • Family history of metabolic bone disease may prompt testing.

Run our symptom checker to see if this test is right for you

Symptom Checker

Understanding Test Results

  • Severe deficiency: <12 ng/mL (<30 nmol/L) high risk of rickets in children and osteomalacia, marked bone pain and muscle weakness; immediate correction usually needed.
  • Deficiency: 12–20 ng/mL (30–50 nmol/L) associated with increased fracture risk, secondary hyperparathyroidism, and bone loss.
  • Insufficiency: 20–30 ng/mL (50–75 nmol/L) suboptimal for some individuals; consider supplementation and recheck.
  • Sufficient: 30–50 (to 100) ng/mL (75–125 to 250 nmol/L) generally adequate for bone and overall health; target may vary by guideline and clinical context.
  • High/excess: >100 ng/mL (>250 nmol/L) may indicate excess supplementation; monitor for hypercalcemia.
  • Toxicity risk increases markedly >150 ng/mL (>375 nmol/L) and can cause nausea, vomiting, weakness, confusion, kidney stones, and renal impairment.

Normal Range

30-100 ng/mL OR 75-250 nmol/L

FAQs

Q: What if vitamin D-25 hydroxy is low?

A: If your 25‑hydroxy vitamin D is low, you may have higher risk of bone pain, muscle weakness and reduced bone density. Management typically includes clinician‑guided supplementation (often an initial higher dose then maintenance), sensible sun exposure and vitamin D–rich foods, and investigation for causes such as malabsorption or interacting medications. Levels are usually rechecked after 8 to 12 weeks and treatment adjusted by your healthcare professional.

Q: What is a dangerously low vitamin D level?

A: Vitamin D is measured as 25‑hydroxyvitamin D. Levels below about 12 ng/mL (30 nmol/L) are generally considered dangerously low and linked to osteomalacia in adults and rickets in children. Many guidelines classify <20 ng/mL (50 nmol/L) as deficient and 20–30 ng/mL (50–75 nmol/L) as insufficient. If low, seek medical evaluation and supervised supplementation.

Q: What is vitamin D 25-hydroxy normal range?

A: Vitamin D (25‑hydroxy) reference ranges are commonly: deficiency <50 nmol/L (<20 ng/mL); insufficiency 50–75 nmol/L (20–30 ng/mL); sufficiency 75–125 nmol/L (30–50 ng/mL). Some clinicians target ≥75 nmol/L for optimal bone health. Levels above about 125–150 nmol/L (50–60 ng/mL) may increase toxicity risk. Interpret results with clinical context and individual factors.

Q: Does low vitamin D 25 hydroxy cause weight gain?

A: Low 25‑hydroxyvitamin D is associated with higher body weight and obesity, but current evidence does not prove it causes weight gain. Low levels may result from fat sequestration and lifestyle factors (less sun, inactivity). Vitamin D supplementation alone generally doesn’t produce meaningful weight loss, though correcting deficiency can improve overall health. Any effect on weight is likely small and not firmly established.

Q: How can I increase my vitamin D 25 hydroxy?

A: Boost 25‑OH vitamin D with regular sensible sun exposure (short periods several times weekly, adjusted for skin tone/season), eat vitamin D‑rich foods (fatty fish, fortified milk/alternatives, egg yolks), and use vitamin D3 supplements if needed (take with a fat-containing meal). Check blood 25‑OH levels and follow your clinician’s recommended dose or prescription therapy if you’re deficient.

Q: Which disease is caused by vitamin D deficiency?

A: Vitamin D deficiency causes rickets in children—impaired bone mineralization leading to bowed legs, delayed growth and skeletal deformities—and osteomalacia in adults, characterized by bone pain, weakness and higher fracture risk. Chronic deficiency also contributes to secondary hyperparathyroidism, reduced bone density and muscle weakness, increasing fall and fracture risk. Prevention includes adequate sunlight, diet and supplementation when needed.

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